Feedback and Feedforward Models

Covering Assessment Criterion 2.2 of FREE07, this video focuses on the structured frameworks used to deliver feedback in workplace and coaching contexts. It examines the SBI model (Situation, Behaviour, Impact) and the STAR model (Situation, Task, Action, Result) as two distinct approaches to organising performance-related conversations, and introduces feedforward as developed by Marshall Goldsmith. The video considers how each framework differs in purpose and application, and where they sit alongside the other approaches discussed across the unit.

The SBI and STAR models are examined in terms of how they separate observable behaviour from interpretation and judgement, and how the STAR structure's inclusion of Task and Result makes it particularly suited to certain feedback contexts. The video draws on concrete examples to illustrate how each component of these models functions in practice, including the difference between describing a specific behaviour and attributing intent, and the role of impact in connecting an individual's actions to consequences for others, the team or the organisation.

The feedforward technique receives dedicated attention, with the video examining how its future orientation contrasts with the retrospective focus of traditional feedback models, and why that shift in framing affects how recipients respond. The closing part of the video also draws together SBI, STAR and feedforward alongside the GROW model, solution-focused coaching, active listening, powerful questioning, and summarising, placing all of these within a single view of the approaches and models used to structure coaching and feedback conversations as required by AC 2.2.